<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>
</head>

<body>
    <script>
        let arr = [  
            ['前端', '3人', '8-15k', '本科'],   
            ['后端', '5人', '10-25k', '研究生'],   
            ['UI', '2人', '9-11k', '大专'],   
            ['ETL工程师', '10人', '6-12k', '大专'],
        ];

        let newArr = []
        for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            let temArr = []
            arr.forEach(item => {
                temArr.push(item[i])
            })

            newArr.push(temArr)
        }

        console.log(newArr)
    </script>
</body>

</html>